Umgwaqo wegridi ehlakaniphile yesikhathi esizayo uhlanganisa izici eziyisishiyagalolunye

Umshicileli: Isikhathi sokukhishwa: February 20, 2014 Lezi zindaba zibukwe izikhathi ezingu-1299
"Umgwaqo" wegridi ehlakaniphile yesikhathi esizayo uhlanganisa izici eziyisishiyagalolunye
Ukwakhiwa kwegridi ehlakaniphile kuwumsebenzi ohlelekile nomsebenzi wesikhathi eside ohlanganisa zonke izici zomphakathi. Kusukela iNyuvesi yaseTsinghua yabeka phambili umqondo "wesistimu yamandla edijithali" ngo-1999 futhi yembula isandulelo somsebenzi wocwaningo lwegridi yedijithali yezwe lami, izwe lami selizuze izimpumelelo eziningi emkhakheni wamagridi ahlakaniphile. Ekuthuthukisweni kwesikhathi esizayo kwegridi ehlakaniphile, ngokombono womzila wezobuchwepheshe, ngicabanga ukuthi kufanele ifake izici eziyisishiyagalolunye ezilandelayo:

Okokuqala ukuqinisa ucwaningo lwemibono nezindlela zokuhlela igridi ehlakaniphile. Ngezinguquko zokusabalalisa umthwalo, ukusatshalaliswa kwamandla kanye nokugeleza kwamandla kwegridi yamandla evamile, indlela yokuhlela yasekuqaleni ayikwazi ukuzivumelanisa nezidingo zokuhlela uhlelo endaweni entsha. Kuyadingeka ukuqhubeka nokuqinisa ucwaningo lwethiyori nezindlela zokuhlela igridi ehlakaniphile;

Okwesibili ukuphakamisa izinga elihlanganisiwe nemodeli. Lona ukhiye wempumelelo yegridi ehlakaniphile. Ukuze kwakhiwe igridi ehlakaniphile, okokuqala kudingekile ukusebenzisa imodeli yedatha ehlanganisiwe, iphrothokholi ehlanganisiwe yokudlulisela nokushintshanisa, kanye nenethiwekhi ebumbene ukuze kusungulwe ukwakheka kolwazi lwesistimu yamandla esebenza kahle, esebenzisanayo, ephakathi nendawo futhi edidiyelwe. Ngakho-ke, izwe lami kufanele lihlele ukwakhiwa kwezindinganiso zobuchwepheshe ngokushesha okukhulu, futhi liphakamise ukwakheka kwesistimu evamile yegridi ehlakaniphile yaseShayina;

Okwesithathu ukufunda ubuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla. Thuthukisa, cwaninga futhi usebenzise ubuchwepheshe bokugcina amandla ukuze ukwazi ukulawula ukugcinwa kwamandla kagesi angaphezulu kanye nokukhishwa kwamandla kagesi ukuze kunikezwe amandla, uguqule inani elikhulu lamandla ahlanzekile angalawuleki abe amandla azinzile, athembekile, futhi alawulekayo, futhi wandise ukusetshenziswa. wamandla ahlanzekile;

Okwesine ukwakha uhlelo lokuthumela oluhlakaniphile. Ngokuthuthuka okukhaliphile kwegridi yamandla, kuyadingeka ukwenza ucwaningo olunzulu ngobuchwepheshe bokulawula ukusebenza obuxhumeke kugridi njengamandla amasha, amandla asabalalisiwe, i-microgrid, isitoreji samandla, kanye namamodeli okuphendula okufunwa, futhi kuhlanganiswe ukuthuthukiswa ubuchwepheshe bolwazi lwesayensi nobuchwepheshe ukuze kusungulwe isistimu yokuthumela ehlakaniphile ethuthukile, ephephile futhi Ethembekile ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinga lokusebenza eliphephile nelizinzile kanye nokusebenza kahle kwegridi yamandla;

Okwesihlanu ukukhuthaza amandla amasha kanye nokuhlanza ubuchwepheshe bokuphehla ugesi wamalahle. Gxila ocwaningweni lobuchwepheshe obuphambili bokulawula ukukhiqizwa kwamandla kagesi, ukuze isiteshi sikagesi esisha sibe nekhono lokusekela ukusebenza kwegridi yamandla kuyilapho sinikeza amandla ekhwalithi ephezulu kugridi yamandla, futhi siqaphele ukusebenzisana okunobungane namandla. igridi;

Okwesithupha ukuthuthukisa ukwakhiwa kobuchwepheshe bemishini ehlakaniphile kanye neziteshi ezingaphansi ezihlakaniphile. Kusukela kuhlelo lulonke lwegridi ehlakaniphile, ukwakhiwa kweziteshi ezingaphansi ezihlakaniphile kuzokwenziwa isinyathelo ngesinyathelo. Yakha amazinga ahambisanayo kanye nokucaciswa ukuze kufane ukwakhiwa kweziteshi ezingaphansi ezihlakaniphile kanye nocwaningo nokuthuthukiswa kwamadivayisi ahlakaniphile ahlobene;

Isikhombisa esokusheshisa ukwakhiwa kwenethiwekhi yokusabalalisa ehlakaniphile. Njengesixhumanisi esibalulekile sokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle kanye nokusebenza kahle kwegridi yamandla, ukwakheka kwegridi yenethiwekhi yokusabalalisa kanye nokuzenzakalela kanye nokwakhiwa kolwazi lwenethiwekhi yokusabalalisa kufanele kuqiniswe ukuze kusekelwe ukufinyelela okuguquguqukayo nokuthembekile kwemithombo yamandla esabalalisiwe, ama-microgrid kanye amadivayisi wokugcina amandla ukuthuthukisa Ukusebenza kwenethiwekhi yokusabalalisa, ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yamandla, nokuqinisekisa ukuthembeka kokunikezwa kwamandla;

Okwesishiyagalombili ukuthuthukisa ukusetshenziswa kukagesi okusebenzisanayo nokuhlakaniphile. Sebenzisa ukuphathwa kwentengo kagesi okuguquguqukayo ukuze uqondise abasebenzisi ukuthi basebenzise ugesi ngendlela efanele. Vumela abasebenzisi ukuthi babambe iqhaza ekusebenzelaneni kokunikezwayo nesidingo, bafinyelele ekuncishisweni okuphezulu okuphezulu kanye nokugcwaliswa kwesigodi, banciphise umthamo wokugcinwa kwesistimu, futhi baqinisekise ukuphuma kwamandla okushelelayo kanye nokusebenza okuphephile nokuthembekile kwesistimu. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, qondisa futhi ukhuthaze abasebenzisi ukuthi bathuthukise futhi basebenzise imithombo yamandla esabalalisiwe kanye nemithombo yamandla emisha, basekele ugesi osele wabasebenzisi ukuthi baye ku-inthanethi, futhi baxazulule izinkinga zokuphakelwa kwamandla ohlangothini lwabasebenzisi;

Oyisishiyagalolunye ngeyokukhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwezimoto ezisebenza ngogesi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, sizokwenza ngcono inethiwekhi yengqalasizinda yokushaja nokukhipha amandla ezimotweni zikagesi ngokwakhiwa kwamagridi ahlakaniphile, kanye nesakhiwo esinengqondo seziteshi zokushaja nokukhipha amandla kagesi. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukukhuthaza izimoto zikagesi ukuthi zibe iyunithi yokugcina amandla eselula, esabalalisiwe kugridi kunganciphisa ngempumelelo umehluko wegridi we-peak-to-valley kanye nomthamo wendabuko wokushefa obekwe eceleni wokukhiqiza amandla, futhi kuthuthukise ukusebenza kahle kokusetshenziswa kwe-grid. igridi.